Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPV-WQ
• _UID: 1FEA81B26A298F4CBED03FA243C9679420C8
• _UID: 4BC7B0A4BB1BC1489116F266A89D696456C5

Notes:

SURNAME: Also shown as Montfort

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Bertrade de

BIRTH: Also shown as Born Montfort, France.

DEATH: Also shown as Died 14 Feb 1117

Bertrada married D'anjou, Count of Anjou Fulk IV 1089, France. Fulk (son of de Château-Landon, Count of Gâtinais Geoffrey II and d'Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy Ermengarde, son of Count Of Gastinois Geoffroy II and d' Anjou, Cts/Gastinois Hermengarde (Ermengrade)) was born 6 May 1043, Anjou, Isere, Rhone-Alpes, France; died 21 Apr 1109, Anjou, Isere, Rhone-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet]

Bertrada married Capet, King Of France Philippe I 15 May 1092, , , , France. Philippe (son of Capet, King Of France Henry I and Queen/France Anna Agnesa) was born Bef 23 May 1052/1053, , Reims, , France; died 29 Jul 1108, , Melun, , France; was buried , St-Benoit-sur-Lo, , , France. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPV-XW
• _UID: ECF93EF863C81748BFA171AF7C7B535FCED3

Ermengarde — Duke of Aquitaine William. William was born Abt 1088. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 8WKK-4W
• Title of Nobility: Count Of Anjou
• Title of Nobility: Count of Anjou; King of Jerusalem
• Title of Nobility: King
• _FSFTID: 9Z8X-TRP
• _UID: 5681E44664840C4F925C92154A0AAA4B225E
• _UID: 97006ACDCF807341BF15B4A3478F9FD3446C
• Baptism: 2 Nov 1932
• Other: 11 Oct 1991, JRIVE; Seal
• Record Change: 6 Jun 2002

Notes:

Fulk of Anjou (1092 - November 10, 1143), king of Jerusalem from 1131, was the son of Fulk IV, count of Anjou, and his wife Bertrada (who ultimately deserted her husband and became the mistress of Philip I of France).

He became count of Anjou (as Fulk V) in 1109. He was originally an opponent of Henry I of England and a supporter of Louis VI of France, but in 1127 he allied with Henry when Henry arranged for his daughter Matilda to marry Fulk's son Geoffrey of Anjou. Fulk went on crusade in 1120, and become a close friend of the Knights Templar. After his return he began to subsidize the Templars, and maintained two knights in the Holy Land for a year.
His first wife was Ermengarde of Maine (died 1126), the daughter of Elias I of Maine. Their children were:
1. Geoffrey of Anjou
2. Sibylle of Anjou, married (1) William Clito; (2) Thierry, Count of Flanders
3. Alice, married William Adelin
4. Elias II of Maine
By 1127 Fulk was preparing to return to Anjou when he received an embassy from King Baldwin II of Jerusalem. Baldwin II had no male heirs but had already designated his daughter Melisende to succed him. Baldwin II wanted to safeguard his daughter's inheritance by marring her to a powerful lord. Fulk was a weathly crusader and experienced military commander, and a widower. His experience in the field would prove invaulable in a frontier state always in the grip of war.
However, Fulk held out for better terms then mere consort of the Queen; he wanted to be king alongside Melisende. Baldwin II, reflecting on Fulk's fortune and military exploits, aquiesced. Fulk abdicated his county seat of Anjou to his son Geoffery and left for Jerusalem, where he married Melisende on June 2, 1129. Later Balwin II bolstered Melisende's position in the kingdom by making her sole guardian of her son by Fulk, Baldwin III, born in 1130.
Fulk and Melisende became joint rulers of Jerusalem in 1131 with Baldwin II's death. From the start Fulk assumed sole control of the government, excluding Melisende altogether. He favored fellow countrymen from Anjou to the native nobility. This led to resentment by the second generation of Jerusalem Christians who had grown up there since the First Crusade. These "natives" focused on Melisende's cousin, the popular Hugh II of Le Puiset, count of Jaffa, who was devotedly loyal to the Queen.
Fulk saw Hugh as a rival, and it did not help matters when Hugh's own step-son accused him of disloyalty. In 1134, in order to expose Hugh, Fulk accused him of infidelity with Melisende. Hugh rebelled in protest. Hugh secured himself to Jaffa, and allied himself with the Muslims of Ascalon. He was able to defeat the army set against him by Fulk, but this situation could not hold. The Patriarch interceded in the conflict, prehaps at the behest of Melisende. Fulk agreed to peace and Hugh was exiled from the kingdom for three years, a lenient sentence.
However, an unsuccessful assassination attempt was made against Hugh. Fulk, or his supporters, were commonly believed responsible, though direct proof never surfaced. The scandal was all that was needed for the queen's party to take over the government in what amounted to a palace coup. Author and historian Bernard Hamilton wrote that the Fulk's suporters "went in terror of their lives" in the palace. Contemporary author and historian William of Tyre wrote of Fulk "he never atempted to take the initiative, even in trivial matters, without (Melisende's) consent". The result was that Melisende held direct and unquestioned control over the government from 1136 onwards. Sometime before 1136 Fulk reconciled with his wife, and a second son, Amalric was born.
Jerusalem's northern border was of great concern. Fulk had been appointed regent of the Principality of Antioch by Baldwin II. As regent he had Raymund of Poitou marry the infant Constance of Antioch, daughter of Bohemund II and Alice of Antioch, and neice to Melisende. However, the greatest concern during Fulk's reign was the rise of Atabeg Zengi of Mosul.
In 1137 Fulk was defeated in battle near Barin but allied with the vizier of Damascus. Damascus was also threatened by Zengi. Fulk captured the fort of Banias, to the north of Lake Tiberiasand thus secured the northern frontier.
Fulk also strengthened the kingdom's southern border. His butler Paganus built the fortress of Kerak to the south of the Dead Sea, and to help give the kingdom access to the Red Sea, Fulk had Blanche Garde, Ibelin, and other forts built in the south-west to overpower the Egyptian fortress at Ascalon.
In 1137 and 1142, Byzantine emperor John II Comnenus arrived in Syria attempting to impose Byzantine control over the crusader states. John's arrival was ignored by Fulk, who declined an invitation to meet the emperor in Jerusalem.
In 1143, while the king and queen were on holiday in Acre, Fulk was killed in a hunting accident. His horse stumbled, fell, and Fulk's skull was crushed by the saddle. He was carried back to Acre, where he died on November 10th and was buried in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Though their marriage started in conflict, Melisende mourned for him privately as well as publicly. Fulk was survived by his son Geoffery of Anjou by his first wife, and Baldwin III and Amalric I by Melisende.
William of Tyre described Fulk as capable soldier and able politician, but observed that Fulk did not adequately attend to the defense of the crusader states to the north. The Zengids continued their march on the crusader states, culminating in the fall of the County of Edessa in 1144, which led to the Second Crusade (see Siege of Edessa).

Fulk [the Younger], there are several different spelling of this person's name: Floulk, Foulques,...
!Ancestry of the Plantagenet Kings from the House of Anjou.

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2; Ancestors of the Plantagenet Kings from the House of Anjou.

Ancestry and Progeny of Captain James Blount - Inmigrant. by Robert Ffafman p. E- 29.

SURNAME: Also shown as Anjou

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Fulk V Count Of

SUFFIX: Also shown as [King/Jerusalem]

DEATH: Also shown as Died Palestine.

DEATH: Also shown as Died 10 Nov 1142/1143

Foulques married de Flèche, Princess Ermengar 11 Jul 1110, , , , France. Ermengar (daughter of De Fleche, Count Of Maine Helias I and Chateau Du Loire, Cts/Maine Mathilde) was born 1096, of, Maine, France; died 1126, Maine, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet]

Foulques married Queen of Jerusalem Melesend 1129, , , , France. Melesend was born Abt 1100, of, EDESSE; died 12 Sep 1160. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJM-MQ
• _UID: 1114EFD7AB3EEA428D29FD8075D1B1F721F2

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJM-NW
• _UID: C2F69855B2D06F46AF4872B1FDACF7CC6282

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJM-P3
• _UID: 01472DCF9839C542BAA3F6D98A69D278858E

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJM-Q8
• _UID: 349516F12803A04BAC1E42DD039605BF2CF6

Other Events:

• _UID: A2A5575470F1CC44889BD9DF88BD8CE4F309

Helias — . Unknown [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPW-53
• _UID: EA76333D4A835D408F9DC79C1A0A98E26779

Notes:

!Also spelled Sibyl or Sybil.

Royal Ancestors of Some LDS Families by Michel L. Call, Chart 316 - # 11.

Sibilla married De Normandie, Ct/Flanders William II 1123; divorced Yes, date unknown. William (son of de Normandy, Duke/Normandy Robert III and De Conversano, Dutchess/Normndy Sybilla) was born 1101/1113, , Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France; died 27 Jul 1128, , Alost, Flanders, France; was buried , Abbychchstbertin, St Omer, Pas-de-Calais, France. [Group Sheet]

Sibilla married d'Eu, Theodorici 1130, , , , France. Theodorici was born Abt 1113. [Group Sheet]

Sibilla married d'Alsace, Ct/Flanders Thierry 1134. Thierry (son of d'Alsace, Thierry II and de Flanders, Gertrude) was born Abt 1099, of, Alsace, France; died 17 Jan 1168. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJ2-D6
• _FSFTID: 9ZHS-VQH
• _UID: 49BA62A124EDF74CA884C7C3B29862DA96B3
• _UID: CF66B272FAE507459D90826E09C8957279D4
• _UID: ED87B0C82C9B6F45895E4232FF0EF06524C8

Notes:

SURNAME: Also shown as d'Anjou

BIRTH: Also shown as Born Abt 1106

Matilda — d'Alsace, Theodric. Theodric was born Abt 1118. [Group Sheet]

Matilda married Adelin, Ætheling Guillaume Jun 1119, , Lisieux, Calvados, France. Guillaume (son of de Normandie, King of England Henry I and Ætheling Eadgyth) was born Bef 5 Aug 1103, Winchester, Hampshire, England; died 25 Nov 1120, At Sea, Barfleur, Manche, France. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 8WKK-1D
• Title of Nobility: Count of Anjou
• _FSFTID: 9CQX-8MC
• _UID: 516DDF81F64E7C45B4775ADAAC67E29108D2
• _UID: 8D9D3B241554C84A8F57CFD7A38935E2D36C

Notes:

Plantagenet, surname, originally nickname, of the English royal house of Anjou or the Angevin dynasty, founded by Geoffrey IV, count of Anjou (1113-1151), husband of Matilda (1102-1167), daughter of King Henry I of England. The name is derived from the Latin planta ("sprig") and genista ("broom plant"), in reference to the sprig that Geoffrey always wore in his cap. Reigning from 1154 to 1485, the Plantagenet kings, in the main line of descent, were Henry II, Richard I, John, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, Edward III, and Richard II; through the house of Lancaster, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI; and through the house of York, Edward IV, Edward V, and Richard III.



"Plantagenet," Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. 1993-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Geoffrey V (August 24, 1113 - September 7, 1151), Count of Anjou and Maine, and later Duke of Normandy, called Le Bel ("The Fair") or "Geoffrey Plantagenet", was the father of King Henry II of England, and thus the forefather of the Plantagenet dynasty of English kings.
Geoffrey was the eldest son of Fulk, Count of Anjou and King of Jerusalem. Geoffrey's mother was Eremburge of La Flèche, heiress of Maine. Geoffrey received his nickname for the sprig of broom (= genêt plant, in French) he wore in his hat as a badge. In 1127, at Le Mans, at the age of 15 he married Empress Maud, the daughter and heiress of King Henry I of England, by his first wife, Edith of Scotland and widow of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor. The marriage was meant to seal a peace between England/Normandy and Anjou. She was eleven years older than Geoffrey, and their marriage was a stormy one, but she survived him.
The year after the marriage Geoffrey's father left for Jerusalem (where he was to become king), leaving Geoffrey behind as count of Anjou. Chroniclers describe Geoffrey as handsome, red-headed, jovial, and a great warrior; however, Ralph of Diceto alleges that his charm concealed his cold and selfish character. When King Henry I died in 1135, Maud at once entered Normandy to claim her inheritance. The border districts submitted to her, but England chose her cousin Stephen of Blois for its king, and Normandy soon followed suit. The following year, Geoffrey gave Ambrieres, Gorron, and Chatilon-sur-Colmont to Juhel de Mayenne, on condition that he help obtain the inheritance of Geoffrey's wife. In 1139 Maud landed in England with 140 knights, where she was beseiged at Arundel Castle by King Stephen. In the "Anarchy" which ensued, Stephen was captured at Lincoln in February, 1141, and imprisoned at Bristol. A legatine council of the English church held at Winchester in April 1141 declared Stephen deposed and proclaimed Maud "Lady of the English". Stephen was subsequently released from prison and had himself recrowned on the anniversary of his first coronation.
During 1142 and 1143, Geoffrey secured all of Normandy west and south of the Seine, and, on 14 January, 1444, he crossed the Seine and entered Rouen. He assumed the title of Duke of Normandy in the summer of 1144. In 1144, he founded an Augustine priory at Chateau-l'Ermitage in Anjou. Geoffrey held the duchy until 1149, when he and Maud conjointly ceded it to their son, Henry, which cession was formally ratified by King Louis VII of France the following year. Geoffrey also put down three baronial rebellions in Anjou, in 1129, 1135, and 1145-1151. The threat of rebellion slowed his progress in Normandy, and is one reason he could not intervene in England. In 1153, the Treaty of Westminster allowed Stephen should remain King of England for life and that Henry, the son of Geoffrey and Maud should succeed him. At Château-du-Loir, Geoffrey died suddenly on September 7, 1151, still a young man. He was buried at St. Julien's in Le Mans France. Geoffrey and Maud's children were:
1. Henry II of England (1133-1183)
2. Geoffrey, Count of Nantes (1134-1158)
3. William, Count of Poitou (1136-1164)
Geoffrey also had illegitimate children by an unknown mistress (or mistresses): Hamelin; Emme, who married Dafydd Ab Owain Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales; and Mary, (1181-1216) who became a nun and Abbess of Shaftesbury and who may be the poetess Marie de France. The first reference to Norman heraldry was in 1128, when Henry I of England knighted his son-in-law Geoffrey and granted him a badge of gold lions (or leopards) on a blue background. (A gold lion may already have been Henry's own badge.) Henry II used two gold lions and two lions on a red background are still part of the arms of Normandy. Henry's son, Richard I, added a third lion to distinguish the arms of England.
[edit]
References
" Jim Bradbury, "Geoffrey V of Anjou, Count and Knight", in The Ideals and Practice of Medieval Knighthood III
" Charles H. Haskins, "Normandy Under Geoffrey Plantagenet", The English Historical Review, volume 27 (July 1912), pp. 417-444

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2; Ancestors of the Plantagenet Kings from the House of Anjou.

Ancestry and Progeny of Captain James Blount - Inmigrant. by Robert Ffafman p. E- 29.
Duke of Normandy

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Geoffrey V

SUFFIX: Also shown as [Count/Anjou]

DEATH: Also shown as Died Chteau du Loir, France.

Geoffrey — De ANGERS, Adelaide. Adelaide was born 1104, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet]

Geoffrey — Concubine 2 Unknown. Unknown was born Abt 1113, of, , Normandy, France. [Group Sheet]

Geoffrey — Concubine 1 Unknown. Unknown was born Abt 1112, of, , Normandy, France. [Group Sheet]

Geoffrey married De Normandie, Princess/England Matlda 22 May 1128, , Le Mans, Sarthe, France. Matlda (daughter of de Normandie, King of England Henry I and Ætheling Eadgyth) was born 1101, , London, Middlesex, England; died 10 Sep 1169, Notre Dame, Rouen or DesPres, Seine-Maritime, France; was buried , Bec Abbey, Le Bec-Hellouin, Eure, France. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Title of Nobility: Countess of Flanders
• _FSFTID: LCZL-KNW
• _UID: 06EBFA26975EC14BA3D793BA41132893E837
• Alt. Birth: 1116, Anjou, France
• Ruled: 1142; Jerusalem

Sybil — . Unknown [Group Sheet]

Sybil — D'Alsace, Dietrich II. Dietrich (son of D'Alsace, Dietrich I and DeFlanders, Gertrude) was born 1099, Alsace, France; died 17 Jan 1168. [Group Sheet]

Sybil — . Unknown [Group Sheet]

Sybil married 1130, France. Unknown [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPW-3Q
• Title of Nobility: Count of Maine
• _FSFTID: KLX1-K96
• _UID: 4F3903E69382974CB6A7F955B2677CD881B8

Notes:

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Name - Description: Elias II Count of Maine

Elias — Countess of Perche Philippe. Philippe was born Abt 1113, of, Perche, Cher, France. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPW-LB
• _UID: B2F766520C967B43A6711A9B29EC1F36F748

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPW-MH
• _UID: 15DBFB1F346BB84B84F64DDD8354C8665545

Other Events:

• AFN: 9FTH-5P
• _UID: 0ACEEB4177D79846A1B964D943E2B530D108

Notes:

or died 1173.

Royal Ancestors of Some LDS Families, by Michael L. Call, Chart 314 - # 10.

Matthieu married Dammartin, Countess of MORTAIN Marie 1160. Marie (daughter of King Of England Stephen and de Boulogne, Queen Of England Matilda) was born Abt 1131, Blois, L-Chr, France; died 1182. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9GB9-93
• _UID: 35B128EF584EE94396B773DB4A95140D6AB7

Notes:

!Also Countess of Ver.

Marguerite — Vermandois, Raoul II. Raoul was born Abt 1131, of, Valois, France; died 17 Jun 1167. [Group Sheet]

Marguerite married Count Of Hainaut Baudouin VIII Apr 1169. Baudouin (son of Count/Hainaut Baudouin IV and de Namur, Alix) was born Abt 1140/1150, of, Hainaut, , France; died 17 Dec 1195. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9FV0-73
• _UID: 382B62DD3550234F9CEEF2EF9517D048C8E5
• _UID: 428487D3BF9DC1439A938E467FE8D6F1AF65

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJB-R6
• _UID: 46E47D5AE6913D47833CBEDE163E025300F7
• _UID: BF9A5A8213D6F04ABB9E15B111571B5E5886

Notes:

SURNAME: Also shown as Shaftesbury

Other Events:

• AFN: 8WKJ-MC
• _UID: 513B08873E696F44909AE469A06037BEE1DC
• _UID: 60880A36AA779B409D3A4013842DD401D442

Notes:

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2. He was Earl of Warren and Surrey.
This individual has the following other parents in the Ancestral File:
G /PLANTAGENET/ (AFN:8WKK-1D) and // (AFN:9FV0-9F)
or // (AFN:9FV0-6W)

or Matilda M /ENGLAND/ (AFN:9FM0-NL)

BIRTH: Also shown as Born , , Normandy, France.

DEATH: Also shown as Died Apr 1202

Hameline married Apr 1164, East Surrey, England. Unknown [Group Sheet]

Hameline married De Warren, Isabel Apr 1164, E. Surry., Eng.. Isabel (daughter of De Warren, Earl/Surrey William III and Talvoice, Adela (Ella) (Taluas)) was born Abt 1137, , , Surrey, England; died 13 Jul 1199, Lewes, Sussex, England, England; was buried , Chapter House, Lewes, Sussex, Eng. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• _UID: FB135DD50B8ED94C8BEF356890366C89D0E2

Other Events:

• AFN: 8WKP-WF
• _FSFTID: LZN4-N7M
• _UID: 3A19CE0B4F042E42BD55485398167E09D119
• _UID: E5B8A273C1DDE0429465DDA93D584DCEA1AA
• _UID: FDF1500000D64A4EB52D65F2846854163B24

Notes:

Henry II (of England) (1133-1189), king of England (1154-1189), first monarch of the house of Anjou, or Plantagenet, an important administrative reformer, who was one of the most powerful European rulers of his time.
Born March 5, 1133, at Le Mans, France, Henry became duke of Normandy in 1151. The following year, on the death of his father, he inherited the Angevin territories in France. By his marriage in 1152 to Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry added vast territories in southwestern France to his possessions. Henry claimed the English kingship through his mother, Matilda. She had been designated the heiress of Henry I but had been deprived of the succession by her cousin, Stephen of Blois, who made himself king. In 1153 Henry defeated Stephen's armies in England and compelled the king to choose him as his successor; on Stephen's death, the following year, Henry became king. During the first few years of his reign Henry quelled the disorders that had developed during Stephen's reign, regained the northern counties of England, which had previously been ceded to Scotland, and conquered North Wales. In 1171-1172 he began the Norman conquest of Ireland and in 1174 forced William the Lion, king of the Scots, to recognize him as overlord.
In 1164 Henry became involved in a quarrel with Thomas à Becket, whom he had appointed archbishop of Canterbury. By the Constitutions of Clarendon, the king decreed that priests accused of crimes should be tried in royal courts; Becket claimed that such cases should be handled by ecclesiastical courts, and the controversy that followed ended in 1170 with Becket's murder by four of Henry's knights. Widespread indignation over the murder forced the king to rescind his decree and recognize Becket as a martyr.
Although he failed to subject the church to his courts, Henry's judicial reforms were of lasting significance. In England he established a centralized system of justice accessible to all freemen and administered by judges who traveled around the country at regular intervals. He also began the process of replacing the old trial by ordeal with modern court procedures.
From the beginning of his reign, Henry was involved in conflict with Louis VII, king of France, and later with Louis's successor, Philip II, over the French provinces that Henry claimed. A succession of rebellions against Henry, headed by his sons and furthered by Philip II and by Eleanor of Aquitaine, began in 1173 and continued until his death at Chinon, France, on July 6, 1189. Henry was succeeded by his son Richard I, called Richard the Lion-Hearted.



"Henry II (of England)," Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. 1993-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Henry II (March 5, 1133 - July 6, 1189), ruled as Duke of Anjou and as King of England (1154-1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland, eastern Ireland, and western France. His sobriquets include "Curt Mantle" (because of the practical short cloaks he wore), "Fitz Empress," and sometimes "The Lion of Justice," which had also applied to his grandfather Henry I. He ranks as the first of the Plantagenet or Angevin Kings.
Following the disputed reign of King Stephen, Henry's reign saw efficient consolidation. Henry II has acquired a reputation as one of England's greatest medieval kings.
He was born on March 5, 1133 at Le Mans, to the Empress Maud and her second husband, Geoffrey the Fair, Count of Anjou. Brought up in Anjou, he visited England in 1149 to help his mother in her disputed claim to the English throne.
Prior to coming to the throne he already controlled Normandy and Anjou on the continent; his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1152 added her land holdings to his, including vast areas such as Touraine, Aquitaine, and Gascony. He thus effectively became more powerful than the king of France - with an empire (the Angevin Empire) that stretched from the Solway Firth almost to the Mediterranean and from the Somme to the Pyrenees. As king, he would make Ireland a part of his vast domain. He also maintained lively communication with the Emperor of Byzantium Manuel I Comnenus.
In August 1152, Henry, previously occupied in fighting Eleanor's ex-husband Louis VII of France and his allies, rushed back to her, and they spent several months together. Around the end of November 1152 they parted: Henry went to spend some weeks with his mother and then sailed for England, arriving on 6 January 1153. Some historians believe that the couple's first child, William, Count of Poitiers, was born in 1153.
During Stephen's reign the barons had subverted the state of affairs to undermine the monarch's grip on the realm; Henry II saw it as his first task to reverse this shift in power. For example, Henry had castles which the barons had built without authorisation during Stephen's reign torn down, and scutage, a fee paid by vassals in lieu of military service, became by 1159 a central feature of the king's military system. Record-keeping improved dramatically in order to streamline this taxation.
Henry II established courts in various parts of England, and first instituted the royal practice of granting magistrates the power to render legal decisions on a wide range of civil matters in the name of the Crown. His reign saw the production of the first written legal textbook, providing the basis of today's "Common Law".
By the Assize of Clarendon (1166), trial by jury became the norm. Since the Norman Conquest, jury trials had been largely replaced by trial by ordeal and "wager of battel" (which English law did not abolish until 1819). Provision of justice and landed security was futher toughened in 1176 with the Assize of Northampton, a build on the earlier agreements at Clarendon. This reform proved one of Henry's major contributions to the social history of England. As a consequence of the improvements in the legal system, the power of church courts waned. The church, not unnaturally, opposed this, and found its most vehement spokesman in Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, formerly a close friend of Henry's, and his Chancellor. Henry had appointed Becket to the archbishopric precisely because he wanted to avoid conflict.
The conflict with Becket effectively began with a dispute over whether the secular courts could try clergy who had committed a secular offence. Henry attempted to subdue Becket and his fellow churchmen by making them swear to obey the "customs of the realm", but controversy ensued over what constituted these customs, and the church proved reluctant to submit. Following a heated exchange at Henry's court, Becket left England in 1164 for France to solicit in person the support of Pope Alexander III, who was in exile in France due to dissention in the college of Cardinals, and of King Louis VII of France. Due to his own precarious position, Alexander remained neutral in the debate, although Becket remained in exile loosely under the protection of Louis and Pope Alexander until 1170. After a reconciliation between Henry and Thomas in Normandy in 1170, Becket returned to England. Becket again confronted Henry, this time over the coronation of Prince Henry (see below). The much-quoted, although probably apochryphal, words of Henry II echo down the centuries: "Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?" Although Henry's violent rants against Becket over the years were well documented, this time four of his knights took their king literally (as he may have intended for them to do, although he later denied it) and travelled immediately to England, where they assassinated Becket in Canterbury Cathedral on December 29, 1170.
As part of his penance for the death of Becket, Henry agreed to send money to the Crusader states in Palestine, which the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar would guard until such time as Henry arrived to make use of it on pilgrimage or crusade. Henry delayed his crusade for many years, and in the end never went at all, despite a visit to him by Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem in 1184 and being offered the crown of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. In 1188 he levied the Saladin tithe to pay for a new crusade; the chronicler Giraldus Cambrensis suggested his death was a divine punishment for the tithe, imposed to raise money for an abortive crusade to recapture Jerusalem, which had fallen to Saladin in 1187.)
Henry's first son, William, Count of Poitiers, had died in infancy. In 1170, Henry and Eleanor's fifteen-year-old son, Henry, was crowned king, but he never actually ruled and does not figure in the list of the monarchs of England; he became known as Henry the Young King to distinguish him from his nephew Henry III of England.
Henry and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had five sons and three daughters: William, Henry, Richard, Geoffrey, John, Matilda, Eleanor, and Joan. Henry's attempts to wrest control of her lands from Eleanor (and from her heir Richard) led to confrontations between Henry on the one side and his wife and legitimate sons on the other.
Henry's notorious liaison with Rosamund Clifford, the "fair Rosamund" of legend, probably began in 1165, during one of his Welsh campaigns, and continued until her death in 1176. However, it was not until 1174, at around the time of his break with Eleanor, that Henry acknowledged Rosamund as his mistress. Almost simultaneously, he began negotiating to divorce Eleanor and marry Alys, daughter of King Louis VII of France and already betrothed to Henry's son, Richard. Henry's affair with Alys continued for some years, and, unlike Rosamund Clifford, Alys allegedly gave birth to one of Henry's illegitimate children.
Henry also had a number of illegitimate children by various women, and Eleanor had several of those children reared in the royal nursery with her own children; some remained members of the household in adulthood. Among them were William de Longespee, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, whose mother was Ida, Countess of Norfolk; Geoffrey, Archbishop of York, son of a woman named Ykenai; Morgan, Bishop of Durham; and Matilda, Abbess of Barking.
Henry II's attempt to divide his titles amongst his sons but keep the power associated with them provoked them into trying to take control of the lands assigned to them (see Revolt of 1173-1174), which amounted to treason, at least in Henry's eyes. Gerald of Wales reports that when King Henry gave the kiss of peace to his son Richard, he said softly, "May the Lord never permit me to die until I have taken due vengeance upon you."
When Henry's legitimate sons rebelled against him, they often had the help of King Louis VII of France. Henry the Young King died in 1183. A horse trampled to death another son, Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany (1158-1186). Henry's third son, Richard the Lionheart (1157-1199), with the assistance of Philip II Augustus of France, attacked and defeated Henry on July 4, 1189; Henry died at the Chateau Chinon on July 6, 1189 and lies entombed in Fontevraud Abbey, near Chinon and Saumur in the Anjou Region of present-day France. Henry's illegitimate son Geoffrey, Archbishop of York, also stood by him the whole time and alone among his sons attended on Henry's death-bed.
Richard the Lionheart then became king of England. He was followed by King John, the youngest son of Henry II, laying aside the claims of Geoffrey's children Arthur of Brittany and Eleanor.
Peter of Blois left a description of Henry II in 1177: "...the lord king has been red-haired so far, except that the coming of old age and gray hair has altered that color somewhat. His height is medium, so that neither does he appear great among the small, nor yet does he seem small among the great... curved legs, a horseman's shins, broad chest, and a boxer's arms all announce him as a man strong, agile and bold... he never sits, unless riding a horse or eating... In a single day, if necessary, he can run through four or five day-marches and, thus foiling the plots of his enemies, frequently mocks their plots with surprise sudden arrivals...Always are in his hands bow, sword, spear and arrow, unless he be in council or in books."

!Concubines: 1) Ykenal or Hikenai, 2) ___, 3) ___, 4) Rosamond Clifford. He reigned from 1154-89, the first of the ANGEVIN kings. By marrying Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine in 1152, he acquired vast lands in France. His policy of establishing royal authority in England led to Thomas A. Becket's murder.
Henry made many legal and judicial reforms.

Royal Ancestors of Some LDS Families, by Micheal Call, Chart 301 - # 2

BIRTH: Also shown as Born Le mans, France.

BIRTH: Also shown as Born 05 Mar 1133

DEATH: Also shown as Died Chinon Castle, France.

BURIAL: Also shown as Buried Fontevraud Abbey.

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Birth - Date: 05 May 1133 Place: , LeManns, France

Henry married Clifford, Rosamund Joan Unmarried. Rosamund was born Abt 1133, , Clifford, Herefordshire, England; died Abt 1176, , Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England; was buried , Godstow, Wolvercott, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet]

Henry married Concubine 1 Ykenai Hikenai Unmd. Ykenai was born Abt 1131, of, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet]

Henry married Unknown [Concubine 2] Unmd. Unknown was born Abt 1148, of, , , Wales. [Group Sheet]

Henry married Unknown [Concubine 5] Unmd. Unknown was born Abt 1148, of, , , Wales. [Group Sheet]

Henry married De Aquitaine, Queen/England Eleanor 18 May 1152, Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanor (daughter of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine William X and de Châtellerault, Aénor) was born 1122, of, Bordeaux, or Aquitaine, France; died 31 Mar 1204, Fontervault, France; was buried , Monastery of, Fontevrault L'Ab, Maine-et-loire, France. [Group Sheet]

Henry married Balliol, Concubine 3 Annabel 18 May 1153, Unmd. Annabel (daughter of Balliol, Barnard and Piquigny, Agnes) was born Abt 1153, , , , England; died 31 Mar 1204. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9FTJ-JQ
• _UID: 44A47DB353D25C4DB2F041B2986CEE5AC7FA
• _UID: 5BA73ED14FCA3F46B58BB85F169C57314073
• _UID: 9902CC39908F344C9D501F6C09A8507C347A
• Birth: 3 Jun 1134, , Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France

Notes:

Count of Anjou.

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2

SUFFIX: Also shown as VI

DEATH: Also shown as Died Nantes, France.

DEATH: Also shown as Died 27 Jul 1157/1158

NICKNAME: Also shown as Mantell

SURNAME: Also shown as Capet

SUFFIX: Also shown as IV

PREFIX: Also shown as Count/Nante

Geoffrey — . Unknown [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9FTJ-KW
• _UID: 6C4864BBA18CB24CB048E6E06EEDC95232BE
• _UID: C01969138CE4664B953358FD434D779E38B4
• _UID: F6F48842B03BC743BC6E164FA3F0378F91AA
• Baptism: 22 Jul 1136
• Birth: 22 Jul 1136, Argentan, France

Notes:

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2

DEATH: Also shown as Died Norte Dame, France.

William — . Unknown [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9FTJ-M8
• _UID: 90957589FCB24D4FA2B95C19F4D73AC608A8
• _UID: DE446B49F36BE642A0FC295926D49E1A2CB7

Notes:

his individual has the following other parents in the Ancestral File:
G /PLANTAGENET/ (AFN:8WKK-1D) and // (AFN:9FV0-6W)
G /PLANTAGENET/ (AFN:8WKK-1D) and Matilda M /ENGLAND/ (AFN:9FM0-NL)

or (AFN:9FV0-9F)

Emma married ap Owen, Pr./N.Wales David 1173, of, , , Wales. David was born Abt 1136, of, , , North Wales; died 1204, , Aberconwy, Caernarvonshire, Wales. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• _UID: D380EB1985757D4F94665869EB51B26026A5

Other Events:

• _UID: 42F54AABEF3E2B429E6E12B8AF1BF9C423CD

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HPW-8L
• _UID: 179FB7DC53DE4249A9DC377C75A6BC97AB59