Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-TS
• _FSFTID: LZL2-XLW
• _UID: 2179C0B931BC8F41BB53BFDDF103EE0460E0

Notes:

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2 Md 2) abt 1051 to Eustace II, Count of Boulogne.

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Name - Description: Godgifu Wessex

Godgifu — Count Of Vexin & Mantes Dreux. Dreux (son of Count Of Vexin Gautier II and de Senlis, Countess Alix (Adele)) was born Abt 990/1012, , , Normandy, France; died Jun 1035, Bithynia, Asia Minor; was buried , Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, France. [Group Sheet]

1. Count Of Mantes Gauthier III was born Abt 1032, of, Mantes, Normandy, France; died 1063.
2. Earl of Hereford Ralph was born Abt 1033, of, Mantes, Normandy, France; died 21 Dec 1057; was buried , Peterborough, Northampton, England.
3. Foulques was born Abt 1034, of, Mantes, Normandy, France.
4. Pountois was born Abt 1035/1036, of, Mantes, Normandy, France.

Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-5C
• Title of Nobility: King of England
• Title of Nobility: King of Wessex (968-1016), King of England (4 Apr 978 - 1016)
• _FSFTID: LHPZ-9WQ
• _UID: 5462FE0B98087444A12CF35B002EE2B1F389
• _UID: D66285CDEC38304B88BE2B6044536B716D6C
• Acceded: 4 Apr 978, Kingston-upon Thames, Surrey, England
• AKA (Facts Page): From 979 to 1016, Æthelred 'the Unready', King of England
• Baptism: 21 May 1927

Notes:

Ethelred II (Old English: Æþelred) (c. 968 - April 23, 1016), known as the Unready, was a King of England (978 - 1013 and 1014 - 1016).
According to William of Malmesbury, Ethelred defecated in the baptismal font as a child, which led St. Dunstan to prophesy that the English monarchy would be overthrown during Ethelred's reign. This story is, however, almost certainly a fabrication.
Ethelred succeeded to the throne aged about 10 following the death of his father King Edgar and subsequent murder of his half-brother Edward the Martyr. His nickname "The Unready" does not mean that he was ill-prepared, but derives from the Anglo-Saxon unræd meaning without counsel. This is also a pun on his name, Æþelræd, which means "Well advised".
Ethelred had at least sixteen children from two marriages, the first to Ælfgifu, the daughter of Thored, the ealdorman of Northumbria and the second, in 1002, to Emma of Normandy, whose grandnephew, William I of England, would later use this relationship as the basis of his claim on the throne.
England had experienced a long period of peace after the reconquest of the Danelaw in the first half of the 10th Century. However in 991 Ethelred was faced with a Viking fleet larger than any since Guthrum's "Summer Army" a century earlier. This fleet was led by Olaf Trygvasson, a Norwegian with ambitions to reclaim his country from under Danish domination. After initial military setbacks including the defeat of his Ealdorman Birhtnoth at the Battle of Maldon, Ethelred was able to come to terms with Olaf, who returned to Norway to gain his kingdom with mixed success. While this arrangement won him some respite England faced further depredations from Viking raids. Ethelred fought these off, but in many cases followed the practice of earlier kings including Alfred the Great in buying them off by payment of what was to become known as Danegeld.
Ethelred ordered the massacre of the Danes living in England on St Brice's Day (November 13) 1002, in response to which Sweyn Haraldsson started a series of determined campaigns to conquer England. In this he succeeded, but after his victory, he only lived for another five weeks.
In 1013, Ethelred fled to Normandy, seeking protection by his brother-in-law, Robert of Normandy, when England was over-run by Sweyn Haraldsson of Denmark and his forces. He returned in February, 1014, following the death of Sweyn Haraldsson. Ethelred died on April 23, 1016, in London, where he was buried. He was succeeded by his son, Edmund II of England.
Despite the steady stream of viking attacks, Ethelred's reign was far from the disaster described by chroniclers writing well after the event. Ethelred introduced major reforms of the machinery of government in Anglo-Saxon England, and is responsible for the introduction of Shire Reeves or Sheriffs. The quality of the coinage, always a good indicator of the prevailing economic conditions, remained very high during his reign.

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2 Anglo-Saxon King of England from 978-1016. The fact that he was called "the Unready" does not imply that
he lacked energy or resource, but is a corruption of the Old English unraed, "bad Councel", which is in reference to his misfortunes, or that he lacked counsel. Indeed, throughout
his reign he displayed considerable vigor but it was generally misdirected.
For he was impulsive, passionate, cruel, apt to lean on favorites and guided by motives of temporary expediency. Ethelred's reign was marked by bitter military struggles. A worthless favorite, named Aethelsine, appears to have exercised considerable influence over the young King and to have led him to commit and to sanction many acts of oppression. After negotiating a treaty with Richard II, duke of Normandy (d. 1026), Ethelred married Richard's sister Emma (d. 1052). This marriage provided the basis for the subsequent Norman claim to the English throne. Although Ethelred paid tribute to the plundering Danes, Sweyn I (the Forkbeard), King of Denmark, invaded England in 1013 and proclaimed himself king. The invasion of the Danes became more pronounced during Aethelred's reign, and he was obliged to bribe the Danes. In 1014 Ethelred fled to Normandy but returned a few months later upon Sweyn's death. Sweyn's son and successor, Canute II, invaded the country a year later and, following Ethelred's death, became king of England. Aethelred also required that each shire in England should contribute to the fleet of the realm for the purpose of holding off the invaders. This act established a precedent among the English Kings.

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Birth - Date: 968 Place: Wessex, England

PREFIX: Also shown as King Of England

BIRTH: Also shown as Born C 966

DEATH: Also shown as Died London, England.

BURIAL: Also shown as Buried St. Paul's.

Æthelred married De Normandie, Queen of England Emma 1002, of Normandy, France. Emma (daughter of Count of Normandy Richard I and Countess of Normandy Gunnor) was born Abt 982, , , Normandy, France; died 6 Mar 1052, Winchester, Hampshire, England; was buried , St. Martins Chur, Winchester, Hampshire, Eng. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-Q9
• _FSFTID: 93FM-28M
• _UID: 052C133F34EB0C4F9F35954E2E1DC4C78AB6

Notes:

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Death - Date: 14 Mar 1052 Place: Winchester, England

Other Events:

• AFN: 8HS0-9B
• Baptism: Crowned 973, Bath, England
• Royal House: Wessex
• Source URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_the_Peaceful
• Title of Nobility: The Peaceable King Of England
• Title of Nobility: King of England
• Title of Nobility: The Peaceful 959-975
• _FSFTID: L8RR-42K
• _UID: CCEB2D8A8ACBC64E990A8FD94433C0ACC522
• _UID: FC5FB9BCE620F14BB4706593BBD065C7E50A
• Reigned: From 957 to 975
• Note: Oct 959; Ascended to the throne
• Title of Nobility: 1 Oct 959; King of the English
• Note: 11 May 973; Crowned king at Bath Abbey

Notes:

King Edgar the Peaceful (c. 942 - July 8, 975) was the younger son of King Edmund I of England. He won the nickname, "the Peaceable", but in fact was a stronger king than his elder brother, Edwy, from whom he took the kingdoms of Northumbria and Mercia in 958. Edgar was acclaimed king north of the Thames by a conclave of Mercian nobles in 958, but officially succeeded when Edwy died in October 959. Immediately Edgar recalled Dunstan (eventually canonised as St. Dunstan) from exile and made him successively Bishop of Worcester, then of London and finally Archbishop of Canterbury, The allegation that Dunstan at first refused to crown Edgar because he disapproved of his way of life, is a discreet reference in popular histories to Edgar's mistress Wulfthryth, a nun at Wilton who bore him a daughter Eadgyth in 961. Dunstan remained Edgar's advisor throughout his reign, nevertheless.
Edgar's reign was a peaceful one, and it is probably fair to say that it saw the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the English at its height. Although other previous kings have been recorded as the founders of 'England', it was Edgar who consolidated this. By the end of Edgar's reign there was little chance of it receding back into its constituent parts, as it had begun to do during the reign of Edwy.
The Monastic Reform Movement that restored the Benedictine Rule to England's undisciplined monastic communities saw its height during the time of Dunstan, Aethelwold and Oswald. However, the extent and importance of the movement is still debated amongst academics.
Edgar was crowned at Bath, but not until 973, an imperial ceremony planned not as the initiation, but as the culmination of his reign, a move that must have taken a great deal of preliminary diplomacy. This service, devised by Dunstan himself, and celebrated with a poem in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle forms the basis of the present-day British coronation ceremony. The symbolic coronation was an important step; other kings of Britain came and gave their allegiance to Edgar shortly afterwards at Chester. Six kings in Britain, including the kings of Scotland and of Strathclyde, pledged their faith that they would be the king's henchmen on sea and land. Later chroniclers made the kings into eight, all plying the oars of Edgar's state barge on the River Dee. Perhaps not, but the main outlines of the "submission at Chester" appear true.
Edgar had several children. He died on July 8, 975 at Winchester, and was buried at Glastonbury Abbey. He left two sons, the eldest named Edward, the son of his first wife Ethelfleda, and Ethelred, the youngest, the child of his second wife Elfrida. He was succeeded by his oldest son, King Edward the Martyr.
From Edgar's death to the Norman Conquest there was not a single succession to the throne that was not contended. Although perhaps a simplification, Edgar's death did seem to be the beginning of the end for Anglo-Saxon England that resulted in three 11th century successful conquests, 2 Danish and 1 Norman.

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2 Saxon King of the English. During the rule of his brother, King Edwy, Edgar was chosen by the Mericians and Northumbrians to be their sovereign. One of his first acts was to recall the monastic reformer St. Dunstan, whom Edwy had exiled; Edgar subsequently made Dunstan bishop of Worcester and London and archbishop of Canterbury. In 959 at the age of sixteen years he succeeded his brother
Eadwig as King of the West Saxons and the entire English Kingdom. His reign was not eventful, though it was a
period of national consolidation, peace and orderly government; reformation of the clergy, improvement of the judiciary system, and formation of a fleet to defend the coast against the Scandinavian Vikings.
Eadgar did not interfere with the Danish districts in England, but granted them self-government in their districts. This conciliatory policy met with signal success, and the Danish population lived peacefully under his supremacy. He made alliance with Otto I, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and received many gifts from him. His fame had spread abroad and he was respected by the Kings on the continent. Or died in 1016?

PREFIX: Also shown as King Of England

BIRTH: Also shown as Born 944

DEATH: Also shown as Died , , Wessex, England.

NICKNAME: Also shown as The Preaceable

Edgar married Devonshire, Queen of Northumbria Ælfthryth 956. Ælfthryth (daughter of Ealdorman of Devon Ordgar) was born Abt 847; died 1000. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• _FSFTID: MZK8-STP
• _UID: 5AB629F9E3ECFE429ABC1408303407F9172A

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HMD-VF
• _FSFTID: 9SP5-KRW
• _UID: 8412F470FBCBA245897ECE3446693B1FB90E
• _UID: A4C5CCC0C4C33547888FE0D80F21AAE6874F

Notes:

Richard I of Normandy (c.935 - November 20, 996) was the Duke of Normandy from 942 to 996. He was called Richard the Fearless (French, Sans Peur).
He was born to William I of Normandy, Duke of Normandy, and Sprota. His date of birth is unknown, but he was still a boy when his father died in 942. His mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to William by a Danish marriage. After William died, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller.

Richard was still a boy when his father died, and so he was powerless to stop Louis IV of France when he seized Normandy. Richard escaped from his prison at Laon, allied himself with Norman and Viking leaders, drove Louis out of Rouen, and took back Normandy by 947.

He was first married to Emma of Paris (Duchess of Normandy) in 960. She died after 966, with no issue.
According to Robert of Torigny, not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamoured of the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she being a virtuous woman, suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor, instead. Gunnor became his bride, and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon, was involved in a controversial trial involving the Cathars. She was, like Richard, of Norse descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimate their children:
" Richard II, Duke of Normandy (The Good),
" Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux, died 1037.
" Mauger, Earl of Corbeil, died after 1033.
" Robert Danus, died between 985/989.
" Emma of Normandy, died 1052.
" Hawise of Normandy, wife of Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany.
" Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres.
Richard was known to have had several mistresses and produced childen with many of them. Known children are:
" Geoffrey, Count of Brionne, (b. ca. 970)
" Hawise (b. ca. 978), d. 21 Feb 1034. m. Geoffrey of Brittany, Duke of Brittany, (ca. 997), son of Conan I of Brittany, Duke of Brittany, "le Tort", and Ermengarde of Anjou.
" William d'Eu, Count d'Eu, (b. ca. 985).
He died in Fecamp, France on November 20, 996 of natural causes.

!Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America (973 D2ah) Vol. 2 He had at least three other concubines and wife Emma, Dutchess of Normandy.

SURNAME: Also shown as Normandy

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Richard I Duke of

DEATH: Also shown as Died 996

Richard married Countess of Normandy Gunnor Aft 962, , , , France. Gunnor (daughter of King Of Denmark Harold (Herbastus) and Queen of Sweden Cyrid (Cynthia)) was born Abt 936, of, , Normandy, France; died 1031, , , , France; was buried 1031. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HMD-WL
• Title of Nobility: Duchess of
• _FSFTID: 942Z-JL4
• _UID: EF2ECCBBB0A431429199F5517CB27924A6F7
• _UID: F50D87726F43C342B0159D612CB0B98690A2

Notes:

This individual has the following other parents in the Ancestral File:
Herbastus /DE CREPON/ (AFN:FLGR-SF) and Herbastus De C /MRS./ (AFN:FLGR-TL)

of Denmark, a child of Harold VIII, king of Denmark.
Ancesrry and Progentry of Captain James Blount - Immigrant, by Robert F. Pfafman, p E-33.

SURNAME: Also shown as Crepon

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Gonnor de

FamilySearch showed this additional information:
Name - Description: Gonnor DE Crepon

Other Events:

• _FSFTID: MXHJ-2RF
• _UID: 671BD9267B04B94B8180E32AAC8933E963E4

Notes:

Edmund I The Elder, or Edmund the Deed-Doer (921-May 26, 946) was King of England from 939 until his death. He was a son of Edward the Elder and half-brother of Athelstan.
Athelstan died on October 27, 939, and Edmund succeeded him as King. Shortly after his preclamation as king he had to face several military threats. King Olaf I of Dublin conquered Northumbria and invaded the Midlands. When Olaf died in 942 Edmund reconquered the Midlands. In 943 he became the god-father of King Olaf of York. In 944, Edmund was successful in reconquering Northumbria. In the same year his ally Olaf of York lost his throne and left for Dublin in Ireland. Olaf became the king of Dublin as Olaf Cuaran and continued to be allied to his god-father. In 945 Edmund conquered Strathclyde but conceded his rights on the territory to King Malcolm I of Scotland. In exchange they signed a treaty of mutual military support. Edmund thus established a policy of safe borders and peaceful relationships with Scotland. During his reign, the revival of monasteries in England began.
Edmund was murdered in 946 by Leofa, an exiled thief. He had been having a party in Pucklechurch, when he spotted Leofa in the crowd. After the outlaw refused to leave, the king and his advisors fought Leofa. Edmund and Leofa were both killed. He was succeeded as king by his brother Edred, king from 946 until 955.
Edmund's sons later ruled England as:
" Edwin of England, King from 955 until 957, king of only Wessex and Kent from 957 until his death on October 1, 959.
" Edgar of England, king of only Mercia and Northumbria from 957 until his brother's death in 959, then king of England from 959 until 975.

Edmund married Shaftesbury, Queen of Wessex Ælfgifu 940, prob London, Eng.. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• _FSFTID: MXHJ-2TG
• _UID: 7C3D58177E580B41A6FA772A40EABF84F817

Other Events:

• _FSFTID: MZK8-SYC
• _UID: 04BCD1A026E98C42BCE8BE7DFAD9A0BA1AF1

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HMF-2F
• _FSFTID: L8WB-Z2F
• _UID: 2269127546360446AF79FAF2E1AB6706E522
• _UID: BAC48CBCFD25A94F9BAF1F83870476511E73

Notes:

William Longsword (died December 17, 942) was jarl (ruler) of Normandy.
Little is known about his early years. He was born overseas in one of the many Viking territories before his father Rollo settled in northern France. William's mother was named Poppa; all that is known of her is that she was a Christian, and the daughter of a Count Berengar. According to the Planctus, he was baptized a Christian.
William succeeded Rollo sometime around 928. It appears that he faced a rebellion early in his reign, from Normans who felt he had become too Frankified. The following years are obscure. In 939 William became involved in a war with Arnulf I of Flanders, which soon became intertwined with the other conflicts of the reign of Louis IV of France. He was killed by followers of Arnulf while at a meeting to settle their conflict. His son Richard I of Normandy succeeded him.

!Md. 2) Ledgarge, Dutchess of Normandy.
Tab. Gen. Souv., France 22 Tab. 48. The Duke of Normandy France 5, p. 46-94.

!Royal Ancestors of Some LDS Families by Michel L. Call, chart 504, # 2.

Ancestry and Progentry of Captain James Blount - Immigrant, by Robert F. Pfafman, p E-28.
Slain by Arnulf of Franders.

SURNAME: Also shown as Normandy

GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as William "Longsword" Duke of

William — de Bretagne, Sprote. Sprote (daughter of Count Of Senlis Hubert (Robert)) was born Abt 878/911, Bretagne or, Brittany, , France. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HMF-3L
• _FSFTID: 9Q4B-B1T
• _UID: B11E9ECD30DDCB4789B196A823D415A07DC8

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HMF-4R
• _UID: 84A258FA9BB4534DBDF1A0011EDF945EA512

Notes:

AKA Harold Blantand or Bluetooth.
King of Denmark 931 -979.

There if a period of 38 years where no king of Denmark is listed, probabley Harold Parcus and Gormo Del Gammel are the missing Kings.
Harold is listed as both Both Harold VII and Harold VIII

There is a problem in this line, in this area, both Harde Knud and Frotho VI, King of Denmark, are listed as the father of Gromo; who was the father of Harold" Blantand"( Bluetooth), King of Denmark (910 - 986). Harolds mother is listed as Sida and/or Thyre - Gormo's Wives. More research needs to be done in this area. Harold Gormosson is listed in Scandinavian Mythology as Harald "Wartooth" and/or Harald "Greycloak", who was bapitized a Christian by the priest, Poppo. He has the frist Christian King of Denmark.
Ancesrry and Progentry of Captain James Blount - Immigrant, by Robert F. Pfafman, p E-33.

Harold married Queen of Sweden Cyrid (Cynthia) Abt 931, of, , Denmark. Cyrid was born Abt 915, of, , Sweden. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• AFN: FLGR-TL
• _UID: 2EC6BDB34BAA1B498ABD50F9ACDDBDBA4D0B

Notes:

There if a period of 38 years where no king of denmark is listed, probabley Harold Parcus and Gormo Del Gammel are the missing Kings Harold is listed as both Both Harold VII and Harold VIII

There is a problem in this line, in this area, both Harde Knud and Frotho VI, King of Denmark, are listed as the father of Gromo; who was the father of Harold" Blaatand"( Bluetooth), King of Denmark (910 - 986). Harolds mother is listed as Sida and/or Thyre - Gormo's Wives. More research needs to be done in this area. Harold Gormosson is listed in Scandinavian Mythology as Harald "Wartooth" and/or Harald "Greycloak", who was bapitized a Christian by the priest, Poppo.

This individual has the following other parents in the Ancestral File:
Herbastus /DE CREPON/ (AFN:FLGR-SF) and Herbastus De C /MRS./ (AFN:FLGR-TL)

of Denmark, a child of Harold VIII, king of Denmark.
Ancesrry and Progentry of Captain James Blount - Immigrant, by Robert F. Pfafman, p E-33.